Impacts of decarbonisation policies on transport-poor households in Austria and possible mitigation strategies

Source abstract

Decarbonising the transport sector is a critical goal for achieving climate neutrality, yet the disproportionate impacts of climate policies on transport-poor households are often overlooked. This study examines the effects of transport-related climate policies in Austria on transport-poor households with a focus on affordability. Using a combination of macro-level backcasting simulations and micro-level assessments, the research identifies policy measures necessary to achieve full decarbonisation of passenger transport by 2040 while ensuring social equity. Key findings reveal that approximately 7% of Austrian households experience transport poverty, characterised by high mobility costs and limited access to alternatives. Scenarios demonstrate significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and mobility expenditures but highlight the need for compensatory measures to mitigate adverse effects on these households. Recommendations include expanding public transport services, reducing fares, and providing financial support to ensure a fair transition to sustainable mobility. This paper underscores the importance of integrating social equity into climate policy design to balance environmental sustainability with societal well-being.